T-cell Lymphocytes

Life as we know it is perpetually under the battle with innumerable microorganisms and pathogens that inhabit our environment, with the human body continuously combatting these invaders to maiundertake its …

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B-cell Lymphocytes

Acquiring a deeper understanding of the biological world involves delving into the complex mechanisms of our immune system, a significant part of which involves B cell lymphocytes. These microscopic entities …

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5 Types of Antibodies

Labeled diagram illustrating the common structure of an antibody. The antibody consists of four polypeptide chains—two heavy chains (labeled H) and two light chains (labeled L).

Fundamentally instrumental in defending us against foreign invaders like viruses and bacteria, antibodies constitute the very cornerstone of our immune response. These protein molecules, produced by mature B lymphocytes known …

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Antibody

Labeled diagram illustrating the common structure of an antibody. The antibody consists of four polypeptide chains—two heavy chains (labeled H) and two light chains (labeled L).

Antibody, often regarded as nature’s tiny warriors, play an essential role in our survival by shielding us from a wide array of harmful pathogens. As the cornerstone of the adaptive …

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Types of Antigens

Immunity forms the cornerstone of our body’s defense mechanisms, diligently working to keep us healthy in a world full of potential threats. An essential component of this intricate system is …

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Antigens

Antigen

As integral parts of the immune system, antigens represent an intriguing and vital subject within the field of biology. Existing in numerous forms – exogenous, endogenous, and autoantigens – these …

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Phagocytosis

Phagocytosis definition biology

Phagocytosis Definition Phagocytosis is a cellular process by which specialized cells called phagocytes engulf and digest foreign particles, such as bacteria, viruses, and other cellular debris. The word “phagocytosis” comes …

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Cytokines

Cytokines

About Cytokines Biology Cytokines are low molecular weight regulatory proteins or glycoproteins secreted by WBCs and various other cells in the body in response to various stimuli. Cytokines are a …

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